STD Table

Human Papilloma
Virus (HPV)

6,000,000
new cases/ yr

Extremely contagious

*Both Men and Women: Itching, burning, bleeding in the genital area; soft warts on the genitals, anus, or urethra (very contagious genital-genital, oral-genital, genital-anal)

Mother: Can lead to genital cancer

Baby: Warts in birth canal can
cause complications during delivery, warts can develop in baby’s throat which requires surgery.

Chlamydia
3,000,000
new cases/ yr

Often no symptoms, so treatment delayed

*Both Men and Women: Painful intercourse, discharge from penis or vagina, painful urination, rectal bleeding

*Women: Abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, swelling or tenderness of vulva

Mother: If untreated, 40% develop PID which increases the risk of infertility or ectopic pregnancies.

Baby: Pneumonia, eye infections and blindness

Herpes
45 million in
U.S. (1 in 5
over age 12)

*B: Muscle aches, fever, swollen glands, chills, fatigue, nausea, painful urination, painful sores or small fluid filled blisters that are clustered (can appear anywhere on body; usually genital or oral), once infected, people remain infected for life

*Both Men and Women: Muscle aches, fever, swollen glands, chills, fatigue, nausea, painful urination, painful sores or small fluid filled blisters that are clustered (can appear anywhere on body; usually genital or oral); once infected, people remain infected for life.

Mother: Severe outbreak in 1st trimester can result in a miscarriage; need for C-section if lesions present at term

Baby: Fetus is at a higher risk if herpes is contracted during pregnancy, can lead to neonatal herpes (which has 60% mortality if left untreated).

Hepatitis B
Mortality
5,000 / yr

Often no symptoms

*Both Men and Women: Fatigue, headaches, fever, hives, muscle and joint aches, loss of appetite, jaundice, nausea, stomach aches

Mother: Can cause significant damage to the liver

Baby: Unless treated within 1 hour of birth, 90% of babies will be a carrier for life.

HIV
900,000 in U.S.
50% are undiagnosed
or untreated

*Both Men and Women: Rapid weight loss, diarrhea, loss of appetite, fevers, chills, cough, fatigue, headaches, whitish coating in the mouth (thrush), purplish growths on body, severe yeast infections

Mother and Baby: Can lead to AIDS which is fatal

Trichomoniasis

*Both Men and Women: Odd smelling discharge

*Women: Painful urination

*Women: Itching and swelling of the genital, blood spotting, urge to urinate frequently

Mother: Can cause fallopian tube damage

Baby: Premature birth, low birth weight

Gonorrhea

*Both Men and Women: Painful urination, discharge from penis or vagina

*Women: Painful sex, pelvic pain, tender genital area

Mother: Can result in ectopic pregnancies and lead to PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) which increases risk of infertility or ectopic pregnancies

Baby: Premature birth, stillbirth, eye infections

Syphillis

*Both Men and Women: Stage 1 - canker sore on the genitals

Stage 2 - body rashes, fever, sore throat, weight loss, hair loss, headaches

Stage 3 - loss of muscle control, serious damage to nervous system; heart, eye,hearing abnormalities

Mother: Miscarriage

Baby: Stillbirth, congenital syphilis (can result in mental and physical problems).

*Women: Irritation in the vagina, heavy discharge that may have a fishy odor and be grayish in color

Mother: Increased risk of PID

Baby: Premature birth, low birth weight

• Effective methods of prevention of STD’s:
  1. Sexual purity, including oral & anal sex
  2. Delay onset of sexual activity
  3. Reduce number of partners
• Condoms have minimal to no benefit in prevention of some STD’s, including HPV, Herpes, Gonorrhea (for women), Chlamydia.
• Many carriers of STD’s do not have symptoms but can transmit the disease.
• Many STD’s increase the risk of contracting HIV.
• HPV vaccine for those girls and women 9-26 years of age.